Noma (Cancrum Oris): Report of a Mexican Case: Noma (Cancrum Oris): Report of a Mexican Case

Fernanda Figueroa; Adalberto Mosqueda Raylor; Marysol Macedo Perez; Cristina Berumen Glinz; Maria Elisa Vega Memije; Sonia Toussaint Care

doi:10.5327/2525-5711.310

Authors

Fernanda Figueroa UNAM
Adalberto Mosqueda Raylor UAM
Marysol Macedo Perez
Cristina Berumen Glinz
Maria Elisa Vega Memije
Sonia Toussaint Care

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5327/2525-5711.310

Keywords:

cancrum oris, necrotizing gingivitis, noma

Abstract

“Cancrum oris” (noma) is a severe necrotizing infectious disease that typically begins as a mouth lesion, rapidly progressing to destroy oral tissues associated with immunocompromised individuals. We present a case of severe noma in an untreated HIV-positive woman in Mexico City with a multidisciplinary approach.
Noma is a rare, devastating condition commonly seen in sub-Saharan Africa but seldom reported in the Americas. Risk factors include poverty, malnutrition, poor sanitation, HIV, and immunosuppressive conditions. The disease typically progresses from necrotizing gingivitis to necrotizing periodontitis and stomatitis, ultimately leading to full-thickness tissue destruction. The most common pathogen identified is Fusobacterium necrophorum, and virulence factors contribute to rapid tissue destruction. Treatment involves aggressive surgical debridement, antibiotic therapy, and addressing nutritional deficiencies.
Noma is a preventable but neglected disease that primarily affects impoverished populations. This case presents both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, representing the first report of a noma case in Mexico.

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