Retrospective study of gunshot wounds in the face in a large hospital in Latin America: a two-year analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/2525-5711.20220009Keywords:
Head Injuries, Penetrating, Gun Violence, Fracture Fixation, Internal, Jaw Fixation TechniquesAbstract
Objective: This study aims to compare data relating to gender, age, etiology, fractured areas, procedures performed, follow-up and purpose from September 2013 to July 2015. This retrospective study included patients whose medical records were complete and who presented face fractures due to gunshot wounds. Results: A total of 1289 patients diagnosed with fractures in the head and neck region were evaluated, of which only 13 patients had facial fractures caused by firearms. Stabilization of facial fractures with rigid internal fixation should be performed as soon as possible to avoid sequelae to the patient, which was conduc- ted in 8 patients. Conclusions: The study found that male and young patients are the most affected by fire injuries to the face due to the high rate of violence, cultural and socioeconomic differences in the city of São Paulo. Fracture stabilization must be performed as soon as possible to avoid future sequelae. Therefore, the study found that the care of facial trauma by firearm does not have a strict protocol; it depends on the extent and severity of each case.
References
Tholpady SS, Demoss P, Murage KP, Havlik RJ, Flores RL. Epidemiology, demographics, and outcomes of craniomaxillofacial gunshot wounds in a Level i trauma center. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2014 Jul;42(5):403-11.
Allareddy V, Nalliah R, Lee MK, Rampa S, Allareddy V. Impact of facial fractures and intracranial injuries on hospitalization outcomes following firearm injuries. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014;140(4):303-11.
Cavalcanti AL, Alencar CYB, Rordrigues ISA, Pinto MSA, Xavier AFC, Cavalcanti CL, et al. Injuries to the head and face in Brazilian adolescents and teenagers victims of non-natural deaths. J Forensic Odontostomatol. 2012 Jul;30(1):13-21.
Norris O, Mehra P, Salama A. Maxillofacial gunshot injuries at an urban level i trauma center - 10-year analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015 Aug;73(8):1532-9.
Motamedi MHK. Primary management of maxillofacial hard and soft tissue gunshot and shrapnel injuries. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003 Dec;61(12):1390-8.
Ellis E, Moos KF, El-Attar A. Ten years of mandibular fractures: an analysis of 2,137 cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1985 Feb;59(2):120-9.
Van Den Bergh B, Karagozoglu KH, Heymans MW, Forouzanfar T. Aetiology and incidence of maxillofacial trauma in Amsterdam: a retrospective analysis of 579 patients. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2012 Sep;40(6):e165-e9.
Ghosh R, Gopalkrishnan K. Facial fractures. J Craniofac Surg. 2018 Jun;29(4):e334-e40.
Peled M, Leiser Y, Emodi O, Krausz A. Treatment protocol for high velocity/high energy gunshot injuries to the face. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2012 Mar;5(1):31-40.
Stefanopoulos PK, Filippakis K, Soupiou OT, Pazarakiotis VC. Wound ballistics of firearm-related injuries - part 1: missile characteristics and mechanisms of soft tissue wounding. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014 Dec;43(12):1445-58.
Stefanopoulos PK, Soupiou OT, Pazarakiotis VC, Filippakis K. Wound ballistics of firearm-related injuries - part 2: mechanisms of skeletal injury and characteristics of maxillofacial ballistic trauma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015 Jan;44(1):67-78.
Tian H, Deng GG, Huang MJ, Tian FG, Süang GY, Liu YG. Quantitative bacteriological study of the wound track. J Trauma. 1988 Jan;28(Suppl 1):S215-S6.
Rocha SS, Sales PHH, Carvalho PHR, Maia RN, Gondim RF, Menezes Junior JMS, et al. Mandibular traumas by gunshot. A systematic review with meta-analysis and algorithm of treatment. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021 Apr;59(3):e99-e108.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Caroline Leone, Wladimir Gushiken de-Campos, Vinícius Teixeira Silva, Glauber Bareia Rocha, Marcelo Minharro Cecchetti, Celso Augusto Lemos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
